To all the temperature questions ....
I happen to have a soldering iron because I do some hobby electronics ... so I myself have burned my fingers a lot of times and know what it is like
But you have to realize that temperature is only 1 variable of the physics involved, the other is the amount of heath that is transferred. The amount of heath depends from the power of the iron (heath produced), the form of the tip, the contact surface, pressure and time.
When I started to experiment with the soldering iron on my slave, I choose the less powerful one, a 14 Watt tool for fine electronics. At first I ran it only at half voltage, but it gave no burning senstaion at all.
Then I started using it at full voltage, but I did not use its original tip, which I replaced with home made tips that I cut out of thin copper sheet. Some were looking like on old fashioned pen, others like a small round surface ... these were very satisfactory, but rather mild.
So we tried with the original tip: as you see from the pics it is very fine, like a sharpened pencil. It gets very hot ... I think less than 300 °C (it is supposed not to damage small electronic components with excessive heat), but due to the low power of the iron and its thin shape, it cannot transfer much heath ,,, so you can use it for fast touches of the skin (which is not more painful than a needle point, but gives a sharper sensation) or fast and light caresses ...
Of course if you would keep it steady on a spot and/or exert pressure, the burning would be more severe, but still nothing that could be called destructive.
When I burn my finger with my 100W instant solderer, the heath transfer is 10 times more powerful and, being it an accident, I don't do it with care, it just slips from the piece I'm working on to my exposed skin ... it's an instant, yet it can be very painful, but after 2 hours at most it's just a fading memory ....
With the 14 Watt solderer you can dose the amount of pain-pleasure very precisely and very progressively. Light and fast touches, flickering over the skin, or a light caress moving the tip over the skin ... holding a little if you want to increase the pain ....
On the harder skin under the feet, you must be harder, on the soft skin of the nipples, very fast and light .... As I already wrote, very fine marks will show up in a couple of days in such sensitive spots and fade away again in a week or so...
If the skin is very cold (barefoot in winter) she will hardly feel a fast and ligh touch ...
The same applies to the use of heated rods: they have to be fine, in order not to transfer too much heath. I never used them glowing (glowing starts at 500°C) ... light and fast touches first ... then increase the contact and watch her reactions... I prefer the soldering iron as this is steady in the temperature ... heated skewers could be too hot or too cold each time you apply them.
Lately we had used even a 20 W iron, just as we decided that, especially under the foot soles, a little more pain could be applied.
Now, friends, I know how much concerned about safety the american world is ... champagne bottles for the american market bear warnings about the danger of the flying corkso please, do not misunderstand me: if you use a 14 W soldering iron without the proper caution , or if you use it with the intention of hurting a lot, you can indeed hurt (even if it would be hard to unwillingly do a lot of damage) ... so I DO NOT RECOMMEND it as a safe practise ... but, under the same considerations I would not recommend a real whip, needles and many other BDSM practises too.
If you trust each other, have a working brain in your head and use a careful approach, than you can use it as a very valid erotic-torture instrument.
I must add that, before trying it on my slave, I tried it on myself, in spite of not being a switch, but just to have an idea about the leve of pain and its duration. I recommend any master, willing to use this instrument, to do the same and lightly touch his own skin with the solderer, before testing it on the slave.
Remember that, by elongating the tip, you can reduce its temperature (because you increase the amount of heat lost in the air).
The pics I have posted show a careful but hard use of a common 14 W soldering iron (as it comes from the shelf) on a consensual slave girl.